Layer chickens are a reliable source of daily income for both small and large-scale farmers in Malawi. With proper care and management, you can start earning from egg sales within just a few months. Here's a practical guide to help you succeed in layer poultry farming.
Layers are hens specifically bred and raised to produce eggs. They usually start laying around 18–20 weeks of age and can continue producing for up to 18 months or more.
Good housing ensures your hens are comfortable and productive. For best results:
Use well-ventilated, secure houses with raised nests
Provide perches and adequate space (at least 2 sq ft per bird)
Keep the coop dry and protected from predators
Ensure good lighting (natural or artificial) to maintain laying cycles
Clean the coop regularly and ensure easy access to water and feed.
Feeding layers the right diet is key to egg production. Your feeding schedule should include:
Starter feed (0–6 weeks)
Grower feed (7–16 weeks)
Layer feed (17 weeks and above)
Layer feed must be rich in calcium, proteins, and energy. Provide crushed shells or limestone to support strong eggshells.
Collect eggs 2–3 times per day to avoid breakage or contamination. Clean dirty eggs gently with a dry cloth. Store eggs in cool, shaded areas and pack them properly for transport or sale.
Tip: Label egg trays by date to ensure older eggs are sold first.
Vaccination and hygiene are essential for healthy layers:
Vaccinate chicks at hatch and follow a booster schedule
Provide clean water and disinfect waterers often
Watch for signs of disease like diarrhea, reduced laying, or ruffled feathers
Work closely with a local vet or extension worker.
Eggs are in high demand year-round. Sell to:
Local markets (e.g., Lizulu Market, Nsundwe, Kabudula)
Schools, restaurants, and hotels
Direct-to-customer via WhatsApp or social media
You can also supply bulk orders on contract to institutions.
Use artificial lighting to maintain laying during cold/dark months
Keep daily production records
Cull unproductive birds after 12–14 months for meat or resale
Start with 100–200 hens and scale up gradually
With care and consistency, layer farming can provide daily income and long-term sustainability for your household or agribusiness.
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